Instalacja Zimbra na Linux Ubuntu

Please download the Ubuntu server CD from http://www.ubuntu.com/download and install a basic Ubuntu system with it. Don’t install/enable any services (e.g. like LAMP or DNS) – if you do, you’ll have to disable them later on as they might interfere with Zimbra!

After the installation of the base system, we’ll do some additional configuration, e.g. enable the root account, install an SSH daemon, apply a static IP address and a hostname to the system.

I will use the hostname mail.example.com in this tutorial together with the IP address 192.168.0.110. Adjust this to your needs, but make sure thatmail.example.com has a valid MX record in DNS (Zimbra needs this!). I assume you want to create email accounts for example.com instead of mail.example.com, so you should have an MX record for example.com as well.

In this example the Zimbra server is in a local network (192.168.0.110 is a private IP address) behind a router, so make sure you use the router’s public IP address (1.2.3.4 in this example) in the DNS records – of course this IP address should be static. If you have a dynamic IP address, you could use a service such as DynDNS.org, but keep in mind that most public IP addresses are blacklisted nowadays.

So if you use BIND on the authoritative name server for example.com, you should have something like this in example.com’s zone file:

If your Ubuntu server is behind router, make sure that you forward at least port 25 from your router to your Ubuntu server.

If your Ubuntu server is in a data center, it most likely has a static public IP address and a hostname, so you can skip chapter 1.3, but still you must make sure that this hostname has a valid MX record.

1.1 Enable The root Account

To enable the root account, run

sudo passwd root

and specify a password for root.

Afterwards, become root by running

su

All following commands in this tutorial are executed as root (unless something else is written)!

1.2 Install The SSH Daemon

Just run

apt-get install ssh openssh-server

to install the SSH daemon.

1.3 Apply A Static IP Address And Hostname

Edit /etc/network/interfaces and adjust it to your needs (in this example setup I will use the IP address 192.168.0.110):

vi /etc/network/interfaces

Then restart your network:

/etc/init.d/networking restart

Then edit /etc/hosts. Make it look like this:

vi /etc/hosts

Now run

echo mail.example.com > /etc/hostname

and reboot the system:

shutdown -r now

Afterwards, run

hostname

hostname -f

Both should show mail.example.com.

From now on you can use an SSH client such as PuTTY and connect from your workstation to your Ubuntu server and follow the remaining steps from this tutorial.

1.4 Disable The Ubuntu CD In /etc/apt/sources.list

I like to install all packages over the internet instead of from the Ubuntu CD,

therefore I disable the Ubuntu CD in /etc/apt/sources.list now:

vi /etc/apt/sources.list

On Ubuntu 6.10 („Edgy Eft”), comment out this line:

On Ubuntu 6.06 („Dapper Drake”), it’s this line:

Then update the packages database by running

apt-get update

1.5 Disable Services

If this is no fresh system and you have some services already running (such as Postfix, Apache, OpenLDAP), you must disable them first before installing Zimbra. Otherwise Zimbra will fail to install.

For example, to disable Postfix on your system, run

/etc/init.d/postfix stop
update-rc.d -f postfix remove

The commands for the other services are similar.

2 Change The Default Shell (Ubuntu 6.10 Edgy Eft Only)

If you are on Ubuntu Edgy Eft, most probably /bin/sh is a symlink to /bin/dash, however we need /bin/bash, not /bin/dash. Therefore we do this:

rm -f /bin/sh
ln -s /bin/bash /bin/sh

If you don’t do this, you will most likely get an error like this during the Zimbra installation:

On Ubuntu Dapper Drake, /bin/sh points to /bin/bash by default, so everything is ok.

3 Install Zimbra

First let’s install some prerequisites for Zimbra:

apt-get install curl fetchmail libpcre3 libgmp3c2 libexpat1 libxml2 libtie-ixhash-perl

Afterwards, go to http://www.zimbra.com/community/downloads.html and download the Ubuntu 6 (.tgz) package to /usr/src, for example like this:

cd /usr/src
wget http://kent.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/zimbra/zcs-4.5.3_GA_733.UBUNTU6.tgz

(Replace the download URL with the one you get from SourceForge.)

Afterwards, unpack the Zimbra .tgz file and start the installer:

tar xvfz zcs-4.5.3_GA_733.UBUNTU6.tgz
cd zcs/
./install.sh

The installer will ask a few questions. Answer them like this:

That’s it already. To test if all Zimbra services are running, become the zimbra user:

su – zimbra

and run

zmcontrol status

The output should look like this:

If not all services are started, run

zmcontrol start

Type

exit

to become root again.

4 The Zimbra Web Interface

Zimbra comes with a web interface for the administrator (https://mail.example.com:7071/zimbraAdmin) and normal users (http://mail.example.com).

4.1 The Administration Console

You can now open a browser and open the Zimbra Administrator web interface. The URL ishttps://mail.example.com:7071/zimbraAdmin. Log in with the username admin and the password you specified during the Zimbra installation:

5 Uninstall Zimbra

If you want to uninstall Zimbra, do it like this:

Go the the Zimbra installation directory (I hope you didn’t delete it):

cd /usr/src/zcs

Then run

./install.sh -u

and delete the Zimbra installation directory afterwards:

cd /usr/src

rm -rf zcs